Package Modeling

Module Occam2D

See also

• http://marineemlab.ucsd.edu/Projects/Occam/sharp/index.html

• https://marineemlab.ucsd.edu/~kkey/Software.php

• https://github.com/MTgeophysics/mtpy.git>`

…

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.Data(data_fn=None, **kwargs)

Read and write Occam data

Parameters

**fn** – full path to occam Data file

Attributes	Type	Description
**format	str	occam sofware version name
**title	str	title given the building files
**sites	array_like	array of stations names
**offsets	array_like	array of site locations along the 2D line in meters
**frequencies	array_like	array of frequencies in decreasing
**data_nblocks	int	order number of data blocks for building models
**data	(ndarray,4)	array of {site, freq, type, datum, error} . datacollected

Reads data files and find list of explanations of model model mode .

Model Modes	Description
1 or log_all	Log resistivity of TE and TM plus Tipper
2 or log_te_tip	Log resistivity of TE plus Tipper
3 or log_tm_tip	Log resistivity of TM plus Tipper
4 or log_te_tm	Log resistivity of TE and TM
5 or log_te	Log resistivity of TE
6 or log_tm	Log resistivity of TM
7 or all	TE, TM and Tipper
8 or te_tip	TE plus Tipper
9 or tm_tip	TM plus Tipper
10 or te_tm	TE and TM mode
11 or te	TE mode
12 or tm	TM mode
13 or tip	Only Tipper

parse_block_data(datablocks=None)

From block data, retreive the value of each blocks each blocks is ndaray(nfrea, nstations) Attributes are :

• self.appRho for apparent resistivity blocks

• self.phase for phase values

• self.error_appRho for error in resistivity (block )

• self.error_phase for error in phase 9blocks

read_occam2d_datafile(data_fn=None)

read_occam_data file. and populates attributes

Parameters

fn (str) – full path to occam data file .

Example

>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'],
...                       'pycsamt', 'data', 'occam2D',
...                       'OccamDataFile.dat')
>>> occamdata_obj =Data(fn = path)
>>> print(occamdata_obj.occam_data_format)
>>> print(occamdata_obj.occam_data_blocks)
>>> print(occamdata_obj.occam_data_title)
>>> print(occamdata_obj.occam_data_sites)
>>> print(occamdata_obj.occam_data_frequencies)
>>> print(occamdata_obj.occam_data_offsets)
>>> occamDATA = occamdata_obj.occam_data

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.DataBlock(**kwargs)

Read OccamDataBlock aand set corresponding attributes

Attributes	Description (Restriction)
site	number of the site from the site list that this data belongs to.
freq	number of the frequency from the frequency list.
type	type of data
datum	data value
error	size of the error for this measurement For log10 resistivity this value can look a little strange. It is derived from the calculation d(log_10(x))/dx = 1/[x ln(10)]. So for 10% error, dx = 0.10x thus d(log_10(x)) = 0.10x / x ln(10) =.1/ln(10) = 0.0434

Example

>>> form pycsamt.modeling import DataBlock
>>> np.random.seed(1983)
>>> dblocks_dict = {'site' : ['S{0:02}'.format(ii)  for ii in range (10)],
...                'freq': np.linspace(1, 8912, 10),
...                'type' :(5,6),
...                'data' : np.power(10, np.random.randn(20*2)),
...                'error' : np.random.randn(20)
...                }
>>> dblock_obj = DataBlock(**dblocks_dict)
>>> print(dblock_obj.freq )
>>> print(dblock_obj.error)
>>> print(dblock_obj.site)

static decode_each_site_data(data_blocks, data_type_index)

Decode each site data and get differents values array :param datablocks: datafrom differents blocks :type datablocks: ndarray

Parameters

data_type_index (int) – specify the data type index

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.Iter(iter_fn=None, **kwargs)

Occam iteration file, inherets from startup obj , in fact two object a similar the same

Parameters

**iter_fn** (str) – full path to occam iteration file

Note

Most attributes are describe in Startup.__doc__ Iter is a copy of the startup file with the model parameters set to the values from the endof iteration “??” (?? means = number of iteration output file.) In addition to get “iter” attributes , replace the marker”**” by “ccam_iter_”

Attributes	Type	Description
**iteration	int	Occam2D iteration number represented on the file.
**param_count	int	assumes that the model parameter
**iteraion_data	array	iteration data output after inversion

read_occam2d_iterfile(iter_fn=None)

read_occam iteration file and populate attributes

Parameters

iter_fn (str) – full path to iteration file

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Iter
>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt',
...                       'data', 'occam2D', 'ITER17.iter')
>>> iter_obj=Iter(iter_fn= path)
... print(iter_obj.occam_iter_param_count)
... iterDATA= iter_obj.occam_iter_data

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.Iter2Dat(iter2dat_fn=None, model_fn=None, data_fn=None, iter_fn=None, mesh_fn=None, **kwargs)

Iter2Dat is a format converter which convert *.iter file and related mesh files to so called ‘x,y,z’ *.data file for post-processing. The class was inpired from the Bo Yang matlab script . reading functions come from ‘plotOccam2DMT.m’ routine

See also

Occam routine <http://marineemlab.ucsd.edu/Projects/Occam/sharp/index.html > of SIO, UCSD.

Bo Yang matlab-script is on add.info sub-packages of pyCSAMT. If your are familiar with matlab and you want to rewrite the script please contact the author at:

China Univ. of Geosciences, Wuhan, China. yangbo.cug@163.com. Copyright 2011-2016 Bo Yang. $Revision: 1.0 $ $Date: 2012/04/05 21:50:20 $ Revision log: 2012/04/04 : Version 1.0 released.

Parameters

**path_to_occamfiles** (str) – path to occamfiles : put on one directory

Attributes	Type	Description
** Data	obj	Occam Data object
**Iter	obj	occam Iteration object
**Response	obj	OccamResponse object
model_fn	str	full path to occam model file
iter_fn	str	full path to iteration file
mesh_fn	str	full path to occam mesh file
data_fn	str	full path to occam data file
doi	str of float	depth of investigation. default is 1km if your povide value on float,
model_x_nodes	array_like	rescalled station offsets according to doi.
model_z_nodes	array_like	rescalled depth offsets accordng to doi
model_res	ndarray	rescalled model resistivity according to doi.shape len(model_z_nodes, model_x_nodes)
station_names	list	list of sites names
station_location	array_like	station offsets
elevation	array_like	elevation value , to rewrite a file if elevation is given , will take elevation

read_iter2dat(iter2dat_fn=None, bln_fn=None, scale='km', model_fn=None, iter_fn=None, mesh_fn=None, doi='1km', data_fn=None, occam_model_obj=None, **kws)

Read YangBo iter2data file or provided Occam 2D specific files .

Parameters

• iter2dat_fn (str) – full path to iter2dat file

• bln_file (str) – full path to bln file

• scale –

  str , scale of output data . Most of time , Bo yang iter2Dat file is converted in kilometer . If not turn

  the scale to m.

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Iter2Dat
>>> i2d='iter17.2412.dat'
>>> i2d_2='K1.iter.dat'
>>> bln='iter17.2412.bln'
>>> bln_2 = 'K1.bln'
>>> pathiter = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.environ ['pyCSAMT']),
...                            '_iter2dat_', i2d_2)
>>> pathbln = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.environ ['pyCSAMT']),
...                           '_iter2dat_', bln_2)
>>> occam_iter2dat_obj =Iter2Dat(iter2dat_fn=pathiter,
...                                 bln_fn =pathbln )
>>> i2d_data = occam_iter2dat_obj.read_iter2datfile()
>>> i2d_sta, i2d_depth = occam_iter2dat_obj.model_x_nodes,
>>> occam_iter2dat_obj.model_z_nodes
>>> i2d_model_res = occam_iter2dat_obj.model_res

read_occamfiles(path_to_occamfiles=None, **kws)

getffiles and readfiles to populates speciales attributes

Parameters

path_to_occamfiles (str) – full path to occamfiles [ITER|DATA|RESP] files.

Example

>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt', 'data', 'occam2D')
>>> iter2_obj=Iter2Dat(path_to_occamfiles= path)
>>> sites= iter2_obj.OccamData.occam_data_sites
>>> freq =iter2_obj.OccamData.occam_data_frequencies
>>> iter_roughn =iter2_obj.OccamIter.occam_iter_roughness_value
>>> iter_misfit=iter2_obj.OccamIter.occam_iter_misfit_reached
>>> forward_data = iter2_obj.OccamResponse.forward_data
>>> residual_data = iter2_obj.OccamResponse.residual

write_iter2dat_file(filename=None, model_fn=None, iter_fn=None, mesh_fn=None, data_fn=None, doi='1km', savepath=None, occam_model_obj=None, negative_depth=True, scale='km', **kws)

write ‘x,y,z’ *.data file for post-processing can read and rewrite iter2dat file

Parameters

• x (array_like) – offset

• y (array_like) – depth

• z (array_like) – log10 resistivities

params	Type	Description
model_fn	str	full path to occam model file
iter_fn	str	full path to iteration file
mesh_fn	str	full path to occam mesh file
data_fn	str	fll path to occam data file
filename	str	output of iter2dat file
doi	str of float	depth of investigation. default is 1km if your povide value on float, default unit is “meter” eg : 2000=2000m
negative_depth	bool	if True , will provide file with negative depth value
scale	str	scaled the offset value and elevation . might be [m|km]
elevation	ndarray|list	can be provided if usefull

1. Write with Occam 2D files

Examples

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Iter2Dat as i2d
>>> data='OccamDataFile.dat'
>>> mesh = 'Occam2DMesh'
>>> model = 'Occam2DModel'
>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt',
...                       'data', 'occam2D')
...                   #,'OccamDataFile.dat')
>>> pathi2d =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt', 'data', '_iter2dat_')
>>> occam_iter2dat_obj =i2d(mesh_fn=os.path.join(path, mesh),
...                    iter_fn = os.path.join(path, iter_),
...                    model_fn =os.path.join(path, model),
...                    data_fn =os.path.join(path, data))
>>> occam_iter2dat_obj.write_iter2dat_file()

2. Rewrite the with iter2dat file

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Iter2Dat as i2d
>>> iter_='ITER17.iter'
>>> idat = K1.iter.20142.dat
>>> bln = K1.iter.20142.bln
>>> occam_iter2dat_obj =i2d(iter2dat_fn=os.path.join(pathi2d, idat),
                            bln_fn = os.path.join(pathi2d, bln)
>>> occam_iter2dat_obj.write_iter2dat_file()

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.Mesh(mesh_fn=None, **kwargs)

Read Occam read mesh file

Parameters

**mesh_fn** (str) – full path to occam_2D mesh file

Attributes(**=mesh_)	Type	Description
**x_nodes	array_like	horizontal “nodes” (i.e. blocks + 1)
**z_nodes	array_like	vertical “nodes” (i.e. layers + 1)
**mesh_values	ndarray	array of mesh files parameters xnodes,z_nodes

read_occam2d_mesh(mesh_fn=None)

Read mesh and get mesh values data and populates attributes

Parameters

mesh_fn (str) – full path to mesh file

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.Model(model_fn=None, iter_fn=None, mesh_fn=None, **kwargs)

Occam Model , Actually read model file

Parameters

**model_fn** (str) – full path to occam model file

..note:: Replace the marker “**” in followig attributes by “model_”

Attributes	Type	Description
**format	str	occam sofware version name
**description	str	describe the model
**name	str	name of the models
**meshfile	str	The name of the mesh file.
**mesh_type	str	the type of the mesh ,default is PW2D
**static_file	str	name of static file if given . Default is ‘none’.
**prejudice_file	str	name of the prejudice file if given. default is ‘none’.models
**binding_offset	float	param value for a model block can be aggregation into many mesh blocks
**num_layers	float	number of layers of model blocks

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Model
>>> data='OccamDataFile.dat'
>>> mesh = 'Occam2DMesh'
>>> model = 'Occam2DModel'
>>> iter_='ITER17.iter'
>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt', 'data', 'occam2D', mesh)
...                   #,'OccamDataFile.dat')
>>> occam_model_obj =Model(mesh_fn=path,
...                    iter_fn = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(path), iter_),
...                    model_fn =os.path.join(os.path.dirname(path), model) )
... print(occam_model_obj.model_binding_offset)
... print(occam_model_obj.model_resistivity)
... print(occam_model_obj.model_values)

read_occam2d_modelfile(model_fn=None, mesh_fn=None, iter_fn=None)

read and ascertain modelfile.

Parameters

• model_fn (str) – full path to OCCAM2D model file

• mesh_fn (str) – full path to MESH model file

• iter_fn (str) – full path to ITER model file

Example

>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt',
...                       'data', 'occam2D', 'Occam2DModel')
>>> occammodel_obj =Model(model_fn = path)
... print(occammodel_obj.model_name)
... print(occammodel_obj.model_mesh_file)
... print(occammodel_obj.model_num_layers)

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.Response(response_fn=None, data_fn=None, **kwargs)

Occam response file . Response is paired with the iteration file above. One is output at the end of each successful iteration. Inherets from Occam 2D data file .

Parameters

• **response_fn** (str) – full path to Occam 2D response_file

• **data_fn** (str) – full path to Occam 2D data file

Note

To get “response attributes” replace “**” by “resp_” and ‘***’ means ‘resp_+occam_dtype’.An example below to help understanding how to get attributes from this class.

Attributes	Type	Description
occam_mode	str	occam mode of survey area
occam_dtye	str	Type of data provided
**receiver_number	int	number of sites names
**frequencies	array_like	frequency array
**datatype	array_like	datatype from OccamData file (TE, TM etc..)
** data_value	array_like	occam2d data value in OccamDatafile .
** forward_data	array_like	data value produced by the forward code using the model from ITER??.iter
***residual	array_like	normalized difference i.e (input data – forward data) / error. The “error” value is from the input data file.
***forward	ndarray	array of forward mode resistivities
***forward_phase	ndarray	array of computed phase forward mode
***strike_angle	ndarray	array of strike angle , it rotation is applied

Note

easy way to get all attributes for other purposes “occam_mode” means the data type provided If “occam_dtype”= tm_log10 then resp_obj.resp_{occam_dtype}_residual = resp_obj.resp_tm_log10_residual

See also

Data.occam_mode and ` Data.data_type `

:Example :

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Response
>>> resp_obj =Response (data_fn =os.path.join(os.environ[pyCSAMT],
...                                 'pycsamt', data, occam2D,
...                                 'OccamDataFile.dat'),
...                    response_fn =os.path.join(os.environ[pyCSAMT],
...                                     'pycsamt', data, occam2D,
...                                      'RESP17.resp')
>>> occam_mode =resp_obj.resp_occam_mode
>>> occam_data_type =resp_obj.occam_dtype
>>> occam_mode_forward =resp_obj.resp_{occam_dtype}_forward
>>> occam_mode_residual =resp_obj.resp_{occam_dtype}_residual
>>> occam_mode_phase_error = resp_obj.resp_{occam_dtype}_residual_phase_error

read_occam2d_responsefile(response_fn=None)

Read Occam2D response file.

Parameters

response_fn – full path to response file

:type response_fn:str

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Response
>>> pathresp =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt',
...                           'data', 'occam2D',RESP17.resp )
>>> path_data =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt',
...                            'data', 'occam2D',OccamDataFile.dat )
>>> resp_obj = Response(response_fn=pathresp, data_fn = path_data )
>>> respDATA= resp_obj.resp_data_value
>>> resp_obj.occam_mode
>>> resp_obj.occam_dtype
>>> forward_data = resp_obj.resp_forward_value
>>> residual_data = resp_obj.resp_residual_value
>>> tm_log10= resp_obj.resp_tm_log10
>>> tm_phase=resp_obj.resp_tm_phase
>>> tm_forward = resp_obj.resp_tm_log10_forward
>>> tm_residual = resp_obj.resp_tm_log10_forward
>>> tm_forward = resp_obj.resp_tm_log10_residual
>>> tm_phase_error = resp_obj.resp_tm_phase_err
>>> tm_phase_err = resp_obj.resp_tm_log10_forward_phase
>>> tm_residual_phase_err = resp_obj.resp_tm_log10_residual_phase_err

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.Startup(startup_fn=None, **kwargs)

Occam startup file Actually read startup file. for more detail:

See also

http://marineemlab.ucsd.edu/Projects/Occam/sharp/index.html

Parameters

**startup_fn** (str) – full path to occam startup file

read_occam2d_startupfile(startup_fn=None)

read occam2d_startupfile

Parameters

startup_fn (str) – full path to startup_file

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import Startup
>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'],
...                       'pycsamt', 'data', 'occam2D', 'Startup')
>>> startup_obj=Startup(startup_fn = path)
... print(startup_obj.occam_startup_data_file)

pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.getMisfit(resp_fn=None, data_fn=None, kind='rho', **kwargs)

Calling getMisfit to plot misfit value using geoplot2d decorator see pycsamt.viewer.plot.geoplot2d to get the kwargs arguments. Most keywords arguments are the same used by pycsamt.viewer.plot.Plot2d Please refer to mod documentation. For more details , refer to :class:pycsamt.viewer.plot.geoplot2d

Warning:

when using decorator`geoplot2d`, set always reason argument to misfit.

Parameters

kwargs (dict) – use the main argument from getMisfit function

:return:* resp_misfit,

• resp_sites_names,

• resp_sites_offsets,

• resp_freq, doi ,

• model_rms,

• model_roughness

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occamd2d import getMisfit
>>> occamPath ='data/occam2d
>>> response_file ='RESP27.resp'
>>> data_file = 'OccamDataFile.dat'
>>> log_file = 'LogFile.logfile'
>>> getMisfit(response_fn = os.path.join(occamPath, response_file)
...            data_fn = os.path.join(occamPath, data_file),
...            logfile =  os.path.join(occamPath, log_file))

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.occam2d_write

Special class to build occam2d imput files with MTpy module .

Parameters

• **edi_fn** (str) – full path to edifiles locations

• **freq_num** (float) – number of frequencies to use in inversion

• **interpolate_freq** (bool,) – frequency interpolation , default is False

• **geoelectric_strike** (bool) – geoelectric strike angle assuming N = 0, E = 90. If True , provided , losgspace interpolation as tuple value

Others important attributes can be found in :

Key Words/Attributes	Description
edi_fn	full path to data file
n_layers	number of vertical layers in mesh default is 31.
num_layers	[ int ] number of regularization layers.
num_z_pad_cells	number of vertical padding cells below
iterations_to_run	maximum number of iterations to run default is 20
resistivity_start	starting resistivity value. If model_values is not given, then all values with in model_values array will be set to resistivity_start
save_path	directory path to save startup file to default is current working directory
startup_basename	basename of startup file name. default is Occam2DStartup
startup_fn	full path to startup file. default is save_path/startup_basename
target_misfit	target misfit value. default is 1.
x_pad_multiplier	horizontal padding cells will increase by this multiple out to the edge of the grid. default is 1.7
z1_layer	thickness of the first layer in the model. Should be at least 1/4 of the first skin depth default is 10
z_bottom	bottom depth of the model (m). Needs to be large enough to be 1D at the edge. default is 200000.0
z_target_depth	depth to deepest target of interest. Below this depth cells will be padded to z_bottom
cell_width	width of cells with in station area in meters default is 100
phase_te_err	percent error in phase for TE mode. default is 5
phase_tm_err	percent error in phase for TM mode. default is 20.
res_te_err	percent error in resistivity for TE mode. default is 10
res_tm_err	percent error in resistivity for TM mode.
trigger	[ float ] multiplier to merge model blocks at depth. A higher number increases the number of model blocks at depth. default is .1.12
model_mode	model mode to use for inversion, see module`Data`.

Note

We consider occam2D buildingInputs file is focused on CSAMT data in TM mode then default configuration as setting according this feature. If input edi_fn are MT data , please resetting configuration you SEG edi-fn data provided !. …

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling.occam2d import occam2d_write
>>>  occam2d_write.buildingInputfiles(os.path.join(os.environ['pyCSAMT'],
...                                              'data', 'edi'),
...                        savepath =os.path.join(os.environ['pyCSAMT'],
...                                               'data', 'tesocc2' ),
...                        geolectricke_strike=34.)

static buildingInputfiles(edi_fn, freq_num=None, savepath=None, interpolate_freq=False, geoelectric_strike=None, **kwargs)

Method to build Occam2D inputfiles. Deal with MTpy module. Try to install MTpy is not installed yet.

Parameters

• edi_fn (str) – full path to edifiles

• freq_num (float) – number of frequencies to use in inversion

• interpolate_freq (bool) – frequency interpolation , default is False

• geoelectric_strike (float) – geoelectric strike angle assuming N = 0, E = 90. If True, provided, losgspace interpolation as tuple value

Returns

outfiles building occam2d inputfiles

Return type

str , sys.stdout

class pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.occamLog(fn=None, **kwargs)

Class to deal with occcam 2d logfile . output File after inverted data. most likely called logFile.logfile.

Parameters

**fn** (str) – full path to occam logfile

Attributes	Type	Description
rms	float	RootMeansquared computation Error
iteration	float	number of iteration
fminocc	float	minimum tolerance
stepsize	float	cutoff evaluation function
roughness	float	deGrootHeldin roughness parameters.

read_occam2d_logfile(fn=None)

Read occam file and populate attributes.

Parameters

fn (str) – full path to occam2d log file

Example

>>> from pycsamt.modeling import occam2d
>>> path =os.path.join(os.environ ['pyCSAMT'], 'pycsamt', 'data',
...                       'occam2D', 'logFile.logfile')
>>> occamlog_obj =occam2d.Log(fn = path)
>>> print(occamlog_obj.rms.shape)
>>> print(occamlog_obj.roughness.shape)

pycsamt.modeling.occam2d.plotResponse(data_fn=None, resp_fn=None, stations=None, **kws)

Find Responses properties and plot values and could read multiples lines provided that each line as its occam datafile and its response file.

Response inherits of Data class then easy to data attributes for plot purposes. Visualize all error from raw to inversion using error_type arguments. For instance:

- `1` : visualize the misfit compute manually
- `2`:  visualize the raw error from raw occam data
- `3`: visualzie the error data and phase  defined as
        * error = (input data - forward data)/ RESI
- `4` or 'residual`': Visualize only  the residual data .

Default is `residual.`

Parameters

• data_fn – Occam data file. Can be a string or list of datafiles

• resp_fn – Response file and can be string or list of response file.

• stations – str or list of station to visualize.

Note

To visualize multiple files. Can provide only the path

where occam (data and response) files are located. In that case, set datafile and response file the name like:

`data_fn` =['line01.dat' , 'line01.resp', 'line02.dat',
          'line02.resp' , ...]

Returns

• resp_lines : coloection of survey lines id

• resp_stations : Collection of station to visualize

• resp_freq: collection of frequencies

• resp_appRHO: collection of te/tm data and

  forward data as a tuple(te|tm , fw’te|tm’)

• resp_phase: collection of the te/tm phase data as tuple (data, fw)

• resp_appRho_err. collection of misfit rho response

• resp_phase_err: collection of the misfit phase

Example

>>> from pysamt.modeling.occam2d import plotResponse
>>> resPath =r'F:\ThesisImp\occam2D\old\K1'
>>> plotResponse(data_fn =resPath,
...                 stations = ['S00', 'S04', 's08', 'S12']
...                  rms =['1.013', '1.451', '1.00', '1.069'],
...                  error_type ='resi' )